Pediatric ATI Practice Exam

The presence of dry mucous membranes is an important clinical sign indicating possible dehydration in a child. Mucous membranes, such as those found in the mouth and nose, should normally appear moist. When a child is dehydrated, there is a reduction in body fluids, leading to dryness in these areas. This can happen because dehydration affects the secretion of saliva and other fluids, resulting in dryness that can easily be observed during a physical examination.

Recognizing dry mucous membranes is crucial because it serves as an indicator of fluid imbalance and can prompt further assessment of the child's hydration status. It can also guide the healthcare provider in determining appropriate interventions, such as fluid replacement therapy.

In contrast, increased appetite does not typically signal dehydration and may occur in other contexts. Elevated blood pressure can occur for various reasons and is not a reliable indicator of hydration status in children. Frequent urination, while sometimes associated with conditions that may lead to dehydration, can also indicate overhydration or other issues. Therefore, dry mucous membranes are a clear and specific sign of dehydration that healthcare providers are trained to look for during evaluation.